What is a Tanner scale?

The Tanner scale, also known as the Tanner stages or Tanner puberty stages, is a system developed by British pediatrician Dr. James Tanner in the 1960s to assess the physical development and sexual maturity of children during puberty. The scale is divided into five stages, each characterized by specific physical changes related to growth and sexual maturation. The Tanner scale is commonly used in clinical settings and research to evaluate growth patterns and to identify any potential issues in development. **Stages of the Tanner scale:** 1. **Stage 1 (Prepubertal)**: No visible signs of secondary sexual characteristics. This stage typically includes children before they enter puberty. 2. **Stage 2 (Early Puberty)**: Beginning development of breast buds in girls and the beginning of penis enlargement and pubic hair development in boys. Generally occurs between ages 9-11 for girls and 10-12 for boys. 3. **Stage 3 (Mid Puberty)**: Further development of breast tissue and pubic hair in girls, and more significant penis enlargement in boys. This stage is characterized by continued growth spurts. Typically occurs around ages 11-13 for girls and 12-14 for boys. 4. **Stage 4 (Late Puberty)**: Development of more adult-like characteristics, including fuller breasts in girls and the growth of facial and body hair in boys. The genitals reach adult size. This usually occurs around ages 12-14 for girls and 13-15 for boys. 5. **Stage 5 (Post-Pubertal/Mature)**: Adult stage with complete development of breast tissue in girls and adult genitalia in boys; individuals have reached their full adult height. Typically occurs around ages 15-17 and beyond. The Tanner scale is a valuable tool for health professionals as it provides a standardized method to communicate about and assess pubertal development.