What is a hurricane?

A hurricane is a powerful tropical storm characterized by strong winds, heavy rain, and low atmospheric pressure. It forms over warm ocean waters, typically in tropical and subtropical regions. Hurricanes are also known as typhoons or cyclones in different parts of the world, but they are essentially the same phenomenon. Hurricanes have a well-defined structure, featuring a central area called the "eye," which is typically calm and clear, surrounded by the "eyewall," where the most intense winds and heaviest rainfall occur. The scale used to classify hurricanes is the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, which categorizes them from Category 1 (weakest) to Category 5 (strongest), based on sustained wind speeds and potential damage. Hurricanes can cause widespread destruction through high winds, storm surge (a rise in sea level caused by the hurricane's winds), flooding from heavy rainfall, and tornadoes that may form within the storm. The formation of hurricanes is influenced by a combination of warm water, atmospheric moisture, and favorable wind patterns. Monitoring and forecasting hurricanes is critical for preparation and safety in areas that may be affected.