what does an inductor do?

An inductor is a passive electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it. It typically consists of a coil of wire, often wound around a core made of ferromagnetic material. Here are some key functions and characteristics of inductors:

**Energy Storage**: Inductors store energy in the form of a magnetic field when current flows through them. The amount of energy stored is proportional to the square of the current and the inductance value.

**Opposition to Changes in Current**: Inductors oppose sudden changes in current. When there is a change in current flowing through an inductor, it induces an electromotive force (EMF) in the opposite direction. This property is known as inductance and is measured in henries (H).

**Filtering**: Inductors are commonly used in filter circuits to block high-frequency signals while allowing low-frequency signals to pass. This makes them useful in power supply circuits, audio equipment, and radio frequency applications.

**Oscillators and Resonant Circuits**: Inductors are used in combination with capacitors to create resonant circuits, which can oscillate at a specific frequency. This is essential in applications like radio transmitters and receivers.

**Transformers**: Inductors are fundamental components in transformers, which transfer energy between circuits via electromagnetic induction.

**Chokes**: Inductors are used as chokes to limit the rate of current change in circuits, providing protection against high-frequency noise.

Overall, inductors play a critical role in many electronic and electrical systems due to their ability to store energy, filter signals, and manage current flow.