The purpose of affirmative action includes:

Affirmative action is a set of policies and practices designed to address historical and systemic inequalities faced by marginalized groups. The main purposes of affirmative action include:

**Promoting Diversity**: Affirmative action aims to create a diverse environment in educational institutions and workplaces, enriching experiences and perspectives for all.

**Redressing Historical Injustices**: It seeks to rectify the disadvantages that specific groups have faced due to historical discrimination, ensuring that they have equal opportunities.

**Enhancing Equality of Opportunity**: By actively promoting the inclusion of underrepresented groups, affirmative action works to level the playing field, allowing individuals from various backgrounds to compete fairly.

**Increasing Representation**: Affirmative action policies often aim to increase the representation of minorities, women, and other marginalized groups in areas where they have been historically underrepresented.

**Encouraging Social Mobility**: By providing opportunities for education and employment, affirmative action helps individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds improve their social and economic status.

**Fostering Inclusivity**: Promoting policies that support affirmative action contributes to a more inclusive society where diverse voices and perspectives are valued.

**Combating Stereotypes and Bias**: Affirmative action can help challenge and change societal perceptions by demonstrating the capabilities and contributions of individuals from diverse backgrounds.

It is essential to note that the implementation and specifics of affirmative action can vary widely by country and context, and it is often a topic of significant debate and discussion regarding its effectiveness and fairness.