Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow: Over the years we have seen communities being severely affected by the effects of climate change, which has depleted Africa’s natural resource base over time. Climate change in Africa now pos

Based on the extract provided, here are five negative effects of climate change, along with examples that can be inferred: 1. **Depletion of Natural Resources**: Climate change has led to the degradation of Africa's natural resource base over time. - **Example**: The extract mentions that communities are severely affected, implying that resources like water and arable land may be diminishing due to changing climate patterns. 2. **Threat to Developmental Gains**: Climate change threatens to reverse the developmental progress that African countries have worked hard to achieve over the years. - **Example**: The term "potentially reverse the developmental gains" indicates a risk to economic and social advancements made in areas such as health, education, and infrastructure. 3. **Increased Vulnerability**: A significant portion of Africa's population is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. - **Example**: The phrase "highly vulnerable to climate change effects" suggests that many individuals and communities may lack the resources or resilience needed to adapt to climate shifts. 4. **Food Insecurity**: Changes in climate can disrupt agricultural productivity, leading to food shortages. - **Example**: While not explicitly stated, the mention of resource depletion implies that agricultural resources are affected, which can lead to food insecurity. 5. **Increased Incidence of Extreme Weather Events**: Climate change can lead to more frequent and intense droughts, floods, and storms. - **Example**: Although not directly outlined in the extract, the effects on communities often involve extreme weather, which is a well-documented impact of climate change. These points summarize some of the negative effects of climate change that are particularly relevant to the context of Africa, as highlighted in the extract.