list top 3: relative to their testes size, what land animals produce the most semen in one day? also, give the: (1) testes dimensions, weight, & size relative to overall body mass (2) semen volume per ejaculate & per day

The production of semen relative to testes size varies greatly across different land animals, and while it is challenging to provide exact rankings due to variability in studies and measurements, here are three notable examples of land mammals that are known for their relatively large semen production relative to their testes size: ### 1. **Elephant** - **Testes Dimensions & Weight**: - Average weight: ~4.5 kg (9.9 lbs) each - Dimensions: approximately 25 cm (10 in) long by 15 cm (6 in) wide (variable) - Size relative to body mass: Testes weigh around 0.1% of the overall body mass in some species. - **Semen Volume**: - Per ejaculate: approximately 6-8 liters - Per day: In some accounts, an elephant can produce up to 20 liters of semen per day, although this can vary based on individual conditions and mating frequency. ### 2. **Horse** - **Testes Dimensions & Weight**: - Average weight: ~0.5-1 kg (1.1-2.2 lbs) each - Dimensions: approximately 10-15 cm (4-6 in) long - Size relative to body mass: About 0.1-0.2% of overall body mass. - **Semen Volume**: - Per ejaculate: approximately 30-100 milliliters - Per day: Can produce about 500-1,000 milliliters with multiple matings throughout the day. ### 3. **Boar (Domestic Pig)** - **Testes Dimensions & Weight**: - Average weight: ~0.4-1 kg (0.9-2.2 lbs) each - Dimensions: approximately 10-15 cm (4-6 in) long - Size relative to body mass: Roughly 0.1% of overall body mass. - **Semen Volume**: - Per ejaculate: approximately 150-300 milliliters - Per day: Can produce up to 1-2 liters depending on breeding conditions and frequency. ### Notes: - **Relative Measurements**: It’s important to note that the size of the testes relative to the overall body mass is not a perfect predictor of semen production since many factors can affect reproductive physiology, including age, health, and genetic makeup. - **Variability**: Reports on semen production volumes can vary due to the methods of collection and measurement used in different studies, as well as individual physiological differences. - **Semen Production and Ejaculation**: The figures provided here represent a range, as actual volumes can fluctuate based on numerous factors, including the frequency of mating, the individual animal's health, and environmental contexts. This overview gives a glimpse into the fascinating reproductive strategies of large land mammals.