how does Dimethylmercury work

Dimethylmercury (Me2Hg) is a highly toxic organomercury compound that can cause severe neurological and systemic harm. Its mechanism of action is largely attributed to its ability to interfere with biological processes in several ways: 1. **Nerve Cell Toxicity**: Dimethylmercury can readily cross the blood-brain barrier due to its lipophilic (fat-loving) nature. Once in the central nervous system, it can lead to neurotoxicity by inducing oxidative stress, disrupting cellular integrity, and causing neuronal death. 2. **Binding to Cellular Proteins**: Dimethylmercury forms strong bonds with thiol groups (-SH) present in proteins and enzymes. This binding can alter the function of these proteins, inhibit enzymatic activity, and disrupt cellular processes such as neurotransmission and metabolism. 3. **Methylation and Biomethylation**: In the body, dimethylmercury can further methylate other mercury species and potentially produce more toxic forms, exacerbating its toxic effects. 4. **Impairment of the Immune System**: Chronic exposure can lead to immune system dysfunction, making individuals more susceptible to infections and other diseases. Because of its extreme toxicity and the difficulty in detecting symptoms until significant damage has occurred, safety measures are critical when handling dimethylmercury. Exposure can occur through dermal contact, inhalation, or ingestion, and even small amounts can be lethal. Symptoms of poisoning may include tremors, vision and hearing difficulties, cognitive deficits, and in severe cases, death.