Hypertension medication

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, can be managed with several classes of medications. Here are some commonly prescribed categories: 1. **Diuretics**: Often considered the first line of treatment, they help reduce blood pressure by eliminating excess sodium and water from the body. Examples include: - Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) - Chlorthalidone - Furosemide (Lasix) 2. **ACE Inhibitors**: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors help relax blood vessels by blocking the formation of a hormone that constricts them. Examples include: - Lisinopril - Enalapril - Ramipril 3. **ARBs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers)**: These medications block the effects of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation. Examples include: - Losartan - Valsartan - Olmesartan 4. **Calcium Channel Blockers**: They prevent calcium from entering the cells of the heart and blood vessel walls, leading to lower blood pressure. Examples include: - Amlodipine - Diltiazem - Verapamil 5. **Beta Blockers**: These reduce heart rate and the force of contraction, leading to lower blood pressure. Examples include: - Metoprolol - Atenolol - Carvedilol 6. **Direct Renin Inhibitors**: This newer class of medication directly inhibits renin, an enzyme involved in blood pressure regulation. An example is: - Aliskiren 7. **Alpha-blockers**: These work by blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors, leading to relaxation of blood vessels. Examples include: - Doxazosin - Prazosin 8. **Central Agonists**: These reduce the nerve signals that tighten blood vessels. Examples include: - Clonidine - Methyldopa Patients should always consult their healthcare provider to determine the best treatment options, considering factors like the severity of hypertension, underlying health conditions, and possible medication side effects. Regular monitoring and lifestyle modifications may also be necessary components of a comprehensive treatment plan.